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arxiv_cv 95% Match Research Paper AI researchers,ML engineers,Developers working with MLLMs 1 month ago

Training-free Uncertainty Guidance for Complex Visual Tasks with MLLMs

large-language-models › multimodal-llms
📄 Abstract

Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) often struggle with fine-grained perception, such as identifying small objects in high-resolution images or finding key moments in long videos. Existing works typically rely on complicated, task-specific fine-tuning, which limits their generalizability and increases model complexity. In this work, we propose an effective, training-free framework that uses an MLLM's intrinsic uncertainty as a proactive guidance signal. Our core insight is that a model's output entropy decreases when presented with relevant visual information. We introduce a unified mechanism that scores candidate visual inputs by response uncertainty, enabling the model to autonomously focus on the most salient data. We apply this simple principle to three complex visual tasks: Visual Search, Long Video Understanding, and Temporal Grounding, allowing off-the-shelf MLLMs to achieve performance competitive with specialized, fine-tuned methods. Our work validates that harnessing intrinsic uncertainty is a powerful, general strategy for enhancing fine-grained multimodal performance.

Key Contributions

This paper proposes an effective, training-free framework that leverages the intrinsic uncertainty of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to guide complex visual tasks. The core insight is that output entropy decreases with relevant visual information, enabling a unified mechanism to score visual inputs based on response uncertainty, allowing MLLMs to autonomously focus on salient data without task-specific fine-tuning.

Business Value

Enables rapid deployment and adaptation of MLLMs for various visual tasks without costly retraining, making advanced AI capabilities more accessible and efficient for businesses.