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arxiv_cv 95% Match Research Paper AI researchers in fairness,Medical AI developers,Radiologists,Healthcare professionals 1 week ago

AdFair-CLIP: Adversarial Fair Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training for Chest X-rays

ai-safety › fairness
📄 Abstract

Abstract: Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) models have demonstrated superior performance across various visual tasks including medical image classification. However, fairness concerns, including demographic biases, have received limited attention for CLIP models. This oversight leads to critical issues, particularly those related to race and gender, resulting in disparities in diagnostic outcomes and reduced reliability for underrepresented groups. To address these challenges, we introduce AdFair-CLIP, a novel framework employing adversarial feature intervention to suppress sensitive attributes, thereby mitigating spurious correlations and improving prediction fairness. We conduct comprehensive experiments on chest X-ray (CXR) datasets, and show that AdFair-CLIP significantly enhances both fairness and diagnostic accuracy, while maintaining robust generalization in zero-shot and few-shot scenarios. These results establish new benchmarks for fairness-aware learning in CLIP-based medical diagnostic models, particularly for CXR analysis.
Authors (8)
Chenlang Yi
Zizhan Xiong
Qi Qi
Xiyuan Wei
Girish Bathla
Ching-Long Lin
+2 more
Submitted
June 30, 2025
arXiv Category
cs.CV
arXiv PDF

Key Contributions

AdFair-CLIP introduces a novel framework using adversarial feature intervention to mitigate demographic biases (race, gender) in CLIP models applied to medical imaging. It significantly enhances fairness and diagnostic accuracy while maintaining robust generalization in zero-shot and few-shot scenarios, setting new benchmarks for fairness-aware learning in CLIP.

Business Value

Improves the trustworthiness and equity of AI diagnostic tools in healthcare, leading to more reliable and equitable patient care across diverse demographic groups.